On teaching, the
attitude of teachers, teaching methods, learning materials, instructional media,
appraisal of teaching greatly influences the interest and motivation of
students in learning.
A teacher should
have learning strategies to make the learning process more fun and students
more anthusiastic about learning. To create it, the teacher should do some
approaches and create a pleasant atmosphere. In addition, students are given
guidance and direction by the teacher
that learning experience a meaningful and productive is important.
In learn English, We are required
to master the Gerund.
Environment
also has an important role in the learning process. The school environment
clean and be able to support students in achieving good results in optimum. In
teaching gerund, create a learning environment filled with trust, creativity,
and fun can enhance the learning process and motivation.
Types
of the gerund
a.
Gerunds
as Subjects
If a gerund is
used as the subject, then it can be stand alone or form of the phrase, as in
the following examples:
Reading helps
you learn English.
Smoking
is not good for our health.
Swimming
is a good sport.
Studying is
hard work.
Playing
football is my hobby.
Reading
English is easier than speaking it.
In
sentences above, reading, smoking,
swimming, studying, and playing are the subject of the verb is. Because
they function as a noncountable noun, it is followed by the singular verb is.
b.
Gerunds
as Direct Object
Gerunds are used
as a direct object in a sentence, as in the following examples:
Some
students enjoy studying.
She
likes shopping.
Would
you mind closing the door?.
Bob
finished studying at midnight.
In
sentences, studying, shopping, and
closing, are the object of the verb enjoy, likes, mind, and finished, a
verb that is followed by a gerund form of another verb.
Common
verbs followed by a gerund. Decapua, ( 2008:432 )
|
acknowledge
|
defer
|
enjoy
|
miss
|
|
admit
|
delay
|
escape
|
postpone
|
|
anticipate
|
deplore
|
finish
|
quit
|
|
appreciate
|
deny
|
imagine
|
recall
|
|
avoid
|
detest
|
keep
|
recommend
|
|
consider
|
dislike
|
mention
|
recollect
|
|
complete
|
discuss
|
mind
|
regret
|
|
defend
|
endure
|
resent
|
resist
|
|
resume
|
risk
|
suggest
|
stop
|
|
tolerate
|
|
|
|
Examples
in sentences:
She
acknowledged receiving assistance.
They
admitted falsifying the data.
He
anticipates having trouble with his supervisor.
I
appreciated having a chance to read your draft.
He
avoided answering my question.
They
will consider granting you money.
I
finally completed writing my thesis.
The
lawyer defended her making such statements.
I
tolerated her talking.
She
deferred writing her report.
We
delayed reporting the results until we were sure.
They
denied copying the information.
She
dislikes working after 5 pm.
We
discussed working at the company.
She
risks losing her viewing time.
We
enjoy hiking.
He
finished doing his homework.
He
imagines working there one day.
She
kept interrupting me.
The
author mentions seeing this event.
I
don’t mind helping you.
He
resented spending so much time on the project.
I
suggest repeating the experiment.
She
misses living near the beach.
The
committee has postponed writing the report.
Brian
quit smoking.
I
can not recall getting those results before.
She
recommends reading Marx.
She
recollected living in Kenya.
She regretted saying that.
The
writer resists giving any easy answers.
She
stopped working at 5 o'clock.
Common
verbs followed by a gerund: No change in meaning. Decapua, ( 2008:432 )
|
attempt
|
deserve
|
intend
|
prefer
|
|
begin
|
dislike
|
like
|
propose
|
|
cease
|
dread
|
love
|
start
|
|
Can’t stand
|
hate
|
neglect
|
undertake
|
|
continue
|
hesitate
|
|
|
Examples
in sentences:
I
began learning Chinese.
The
government ceased providing free healthcare.
He
can’t stand her smoking in the office.
He
continued talking.
She
dislikes working after 5 pm.
She
dreads getting up at 5 am.
I
hate cleaning the bathroom.
She likes listening to music.
I
love swimming.
Sometimes
she neglects doing her homework.
He
prefers sitting at the back of the movie theater.
I
proposed having lunch at the beach.
He
started studying harder.
Common
verbs followed by a gerund: with change in meaning. Decapua, ( 2008:432 )
|
attempt
|
forget
|
mean
|
refret
|
|
remember
|
stop
|
try
|
propose
|
Examples
in sentences:
I
forgot giving you my book.
I remember telling her the
address yesterday.
She stopped working at 5 o'clock.
Sam
tried opening the lock with a paperclip.
I
proposed having lunch at the beach.
Gerund is used
as a object of the preposition situated
after prepositions. Prepositions are often used are of, on, no, with, without,
at, for, after, before, because of, to, like, about, by and in. Using gerund as
the objects of preposition, As in the following examples:
She
is always fond of talking.
In sleeping
I met you in the park.
Nothing
stops Lucy from studying.
They
went on arguing.
I
have no objection to hearing your
story.
They
are good at telling funny stories.
In
sentences above, talking, sleeping,
studying, arguing, hearing and telling are the object of the
preposition of, in, from, on, to and at.
Gerund phrases function
in the sentence exactly as simple gerund do. Both are used in noun positions.
As in the following examples:
Listening
requires patince.
Listening to the radio
is good practice in understanding English. ( as subject )
John
enjoys camping.
John
enjoys camping in the mountain.
( as direct object )
I
am tired of arguing.
I
am tired of arguing with my
advistor. ( as object of a preposition )
d.
Gerund
as Subject Complement
Gerund can be
used as subject complement. Gerund as a complement of the subject in a sentence
is usually always preceded to be located between the subject and the subjective
complement. For examples:
Lucy’s favorite activity is studying.
Lucy’s favorite activity is studying English grammar.
Rina’s hobby is swimming.
Her
favorite sport is reading.
In sentences above, studying, swimming and reading are subject complement because they are renaming
or identifying the subject of the verb.
e.
Gerund
Used after Possessive
Since gerund
function as nouns, it can take possessive pronouns or be preceded by nouns with
possessive’ inflection. For examples:
Thanks
for your coming.
Jim
is sad about their leaving.
His coming late
created problems. ( possessive pronoun before gerund phrase) Decapua (
2008:387).
Jude’s writing was
very good. ( possessive ‘s inflection on a proper noun before the gerund
phrase)
The cat’s puring soothed
the baby. ( possessive ‘s inflection on a noun before the gerund phrase)
f.
Gerund
Used in the Negative Adjective ‘No’
Gerunds are
often used negatively. Both gerunds and gerund phrases are made negative by the
addition of not before the verbal:
Not studying can be a problem. ( Decapua, 2008:385 )
Not studying English Grammar can be a problem.
Gerund is used
to create restrictions or a short warning. In the sentence the prohobition, we
often use the word " no " and afterwards usually placed verb + ing.
It is the gerund. For examples:
No smoking!
No Parking
in this area!
No cheating
in the test!
g.
Gerund
as Appositive
In addition, the
gerund can also be used as an appositive. This is because the gerund is a
verbal, that is a word that is formed from a verb, but it serves as a part of
speech (noun).For examples:
-
Her favorite exercise, swimming in the pool, makes her body strong
-
She has a bad habit, gambling.
-
His hobby, sailing,
takes a lot of time.
-
His hobby, sailing
across the Pacific ocean, takes a lot of time.
-
My hobby,
fishing, is interesting.
-
Her job,
journalizing, is not easy.
- The skills, reading
and writing, were taught to us by our teachersince we were in kindergarden.
